6 research outputs found
LeCaRDv2: A Large-Scale Chinese Legal Case Retrieval Dataset
As an important component of intelligent legal systems, legal case retrieval
plays a critical role in ensuring judicial justice and fairness. However, the
development of legal case retrieval technologies in the Chinese legal system is
restricted by three problems in existing datasets: limited data size, narrow
definitions of legal relevance, and naive candidate pooling strategies used in
data sampling. To alleviate these issues, we introduce LeCaRDv2, a large-scale
Legal Case Retrieval Dataset (version 2). It consists of 800 queries and 55,192
candidates extracted from 4.3 million criminal case documents. To the best of
our knowledge, LeCaRDv2 is one of the largest Chinese legal case retrieval
datasets, providing extensive coverage of criminal charges. Additionally, we
enrich the existing relevance criteria by considering three key aspects:
characterization, penalty, procedure. This comprehensive criteria enriches the
dataset and may provides a more holistic perspective. Furthermore, we propose a
two-level candidate set pooling strategy that effectively identify potential
candidates for each query case. It's important to note that all cases in the
dataset have been annotated by multiple legal experts specializing in criminal
law. Their expertise ensures the accuracy and reliability of the annotations.
We evaluate several state-of-the-art retrieval models at LeCaRDv2,
demonstrating that there is still significant room for improvement in legal
case retrieval. The details of LeCaRDv2 can be found at the anonymous website
https://github.com/anonymous1113243/LeCaRDv2
An Intent Taxonomy of Legal Case Retrieval
Legal case retrieval is a special Information Retrieval~(IR) task focusing on
legal case documents. Depending on the downstream tasks of the retrieved case
documents, users' information needs in legal case retrieval could be
significantly different from those in Web search and traditional ad-hoc
retrieval tasks. While there are several studies that retrieve legal cases
based on text similarity, the underlying search intents of legal retrieval
users, as shown in this paper, are more complicated than that yet mostly
unexplored. To this end, we present a novel hierarchical intent taxonomy of
legal case retrieval. It consists of five intent types categorized by three
criteria, i.e., search for Particular Case(s), Characterization, Penalty,
Procedure, and Interest. The taxonomy was constructed transparently and
evaluated extensively through interviews, editorial user studies, and query log
analysis. Through a laboratory user study, we reveal significant differences in
user behavior and satisfaction under different search intents in legal case
retrieval. Furthermore, we apply the proposed taxonomy to various downstream
legal retrieval tasks, e.g., result ranking and satisfaction prediction, and
demonstrate its effectiveness. Our work provides important insights into the
understanding of user intents in legal case retrieval and potentially leads to
better retrieval techniques in the legal domain, such as intent-aware ranking
strategies and evaluation methodologies.Comment: 28 pages, work in proces
A Method for Identifying Defects on Highly Reflective Roller Surface Based on Image Library Matching
Identification of the highly reflective surface defects on roller parts is a requirement to assure high quality of parts. However, the highly reflective roller surface has the reflection characteristics, which easily lead to the missed detection or wrong detection of defect targets in the visual recognition process. For this problem, a new identification method based on image library matching is proposed. First, to protect the edge information of the defect target while eliminating noise, preprocessing of the measured initial images can be accomplished by using the accelerated optimized bilateral filtering. Second, the entropy and grid gray gradient are used to achieve rough segmentation of highly reflective surface defects on roller parts. Finally, a defect fine identification method based on the Hu invariant moment matching integrated with morphological classification is proposed for achieving image library matching and further quickly removing the pseudodefects. Experimental tests were conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method in achieving accurate identification of highly reflective surface defects on roller parts. The proposed method has an accuracy of 98.2%, and the running time can basically meet the requirements of real-time performance
Novel Metabolites from the Marine-Derived Fungus <i>Peniophora</i> sp. SCSIO41203 Show Promising In Vitro Antitumor Activity as Methuosis Inducers in PC-3 Cells
Two new cytochalasin derivatives, peniotrinins A (1) and B (2), three new citrinin derivatives, peniotrinins C–E (4, 5, 7), and one new tetramic acid derivative, peniotrinin F (12), along with nine structurally related known compounds, were isolated from the solid culture of Peniophora sp. SCSIO41203. Their structures, including the absolute configurations of their stereogenic carbons, were fully elucidated based on spectroscopic analysis, quantum chemical calculations, and the calculated ECD. Interestingly, 1 is the first example of a rare 6/5/5/5/6/13 hexacyclic cytochalasin. We screened the above compounds for their anti-prostate cancer activity and found that compound 3 had a significant anti-prostate cancer cell proliferation effect, while compounds 1 and 2 showed weak activity at 10 μM. We then confirmed that compound 3 exerts its anti-prostate cancer effect by inducing methuosis through transmission electron microscopy and cellular immunostaining, which suggested that compound 3 might be first reported as a potential anti-prostate methuosis inducer
Immunogenicity of trivalent seasonal influenza vaccine in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Objective: Current evidence on the immunogenicity of influenza vaccination in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is limited. To address this need for additional knowledge, we conducted a study on the immunogenicity of trivalent seasonal influenza vaccine (TIV) in COPD patients. Methods: We recruited patients from respiratory outpatient clinics of three hospitals in Tangshan, Hebei province who had stable confirmed COPD, were less than 80 y old, and reported not having had influenza or receiving TIV during the study season prior to enrollment. Patients who had a history of allergy to any TIV component or were classified as having very severe COPD were excluded from the study. Eligible and consenting participants were given one dose of TIV after obtaining a baseline blood sample. A second blood sample was obtained 5 weeks later. We used hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assays to measure antibody responses. We considered seropositive to be an HI titer ≥1:10. We considered seroprotection to be an HI titer ≥1:40 and seroconversion to be either a change from seronegative to a post-vaccination titer of ≥1:40 or a fourfold rise in antibody titer among baseline seropositive subjects. Each subject was followed for 1 month to assess the frequency and type of adverse events. Results: Eighty-eight subjects completed our study; the median age was 64 y; most (62.5%) had moderately severe COPD; 48.9% of the subjects had comorbid conditions in addition to COPD. Post–vaccination seropositive rates for influenza H1N1, H3N2, and B were all 100%; corresponding seroprotection rates were 96.6%, 93.2%, and 98.9%; seroconversion rates were 81.8%, 87.5%, and 75.0%. There were no statistical differences in seroconversion (P = .10) and seroprotection (P = .30) among the three types of influenza virus. Geometric mean titers (1:) of HI antibodies to H1N1, H3N2, and B were 18.8 (95% CI: 14.0–25.1), 12.2 (95% CI: 9.6–15.4), and 31.8 (95% CI: 26.1–38.8) at baseline, and 267.0 (95% CI: 213.8–333.4), 190.3 (95% CI: 151.7–238.6), and 201.1 (95% CI: 166.5-242.8) after vaccination. Conclusion: The immunogenicity of one dose of influenza vaccine was excellent in COPD patients. Our study supports recommending influenza vaccination for COPD patients to provide protection from influenza and its complications